With the fall hunting seasons coming up fast, local Chico doctor of audiology Crystal Chalmers, Au.D reminded hunters, "As exposure to just a single muzzle blast from a shotgun or rifle can cause permanent hearing loss as well as tinnitus, hunters should use some sort of hearing protection while afield. Muzzle blast can be in excess of 140 decibels. The effect on unprotected hearing can be devastating.

"I would recommend custom-molded earplugs fitted with noise filters. The filters allow normal conversation to be heard, yet shut out high impact noises. These are especially good for waterfowl hunters who need to operate their calls, yet shoot in close proximity to partners."